หากติดตั้งสวิตช์ไฟบนเส้นศูนย์แม้ว่าไฟจะไม่เปิดเมื่อปิด แต่สายเฟสของที่ใส่หลอดไฟยังคงเชื่อมต่ออยู่และผู้คนคิดว่าไฟไม่ได้เปิดพวกเขาจะเข้าใจผิด ว่าอยู่ในสถานะปิด-ปิด อันที่จริง แรงดันกราวด์ในแต่ละจุดของหลอดไฟยังคงเป็นแรงดันไฟที่เป็นอันตรายที่ 220 โวลต์ หากผู้คนสัมผัสส่วนที่มีชีวิตจริงเหล่านี้เมื่อปิดไฟ จะทำให้เกิดไฟฟ้าช็อตได้ ดังนั้น ความปลอดภัยของสวิตช์ไฟต่างๆ หรือสวิตช์อุปกรณ์ไฟฟ้าความจุ-เฟสเดียวขนาดเล็ก-สามารถมั่นใจได้ก็ต่อเมื่อต่อเป็นอนุกรมบนสายไฟ
001 (1056).jpg
2. How to install the single-phase three-hole socket correctly? why?
Generally, single-phase electrical equipment, especially mobile electrical equipment, should use three-pin plugs and matching three-hole sockets. There is a special protective zero (ground) jack on the three-hole socket. When zero protection is used, some people often only connect the terminal of this hole with the zero wire introduced into the socket directly in the bottom of the socket. This is Extremely dangerous. Because if the neutral wire of the power supply is disconnected, or the fire (phase) wire and the neutral wire of the power supply are connected reversely, the metal parts such as the shell will also carry the same voltage as the power supply, which will cause electric shock.
Therefore, the dedicated grounding jack should be connected to the dedicated protective grounding wire when wiring. When using zero-connection protection, the zero-connection line should be specially drawn from the power supply end, and the zero-line introduced into the socket should not be used nearby.
3. Why is it strictly forbidden to bury the plastic insulated wire directly in the wall?
(1) After long-term use of plastic insulated wire, the plastic will age and crack, and the insulation level will be greatly reduced. When the line is overloaded or short-circuited for a short time, it is easier to accelerate the insulation damage.
(2) Once the wall is damp, it will cause a large area of electric leakage, endangering personal safety.
(3) The plastic insulated wire is buried directly, which is not conducive to line inspection and maintenance.
4. Why use a leakage protector?
leakage protector, also known as leakage protection switch, is a new type of electrical safety device, its main purpose is:
(1) Prevent electric shock accidents caused by electric equipment and electric circuit leakage.
(2) To prevent single-phase electric shock accidents during power use.
(3) Cut off the single-phase ground fault in the operation of electrical equipment in time to prevent electrical fire accidents caused by leakage.
(4) With the improvement of people's living standards and the continuous increase of various types of electrical appliances, personal electric shocks and fire accidents caused by the defects of the electrical equipment itself, improper use and unfavorable safety technical measures in the process of electricity consumption have caused the people Life and property have brought undue losses, and the emergence of leakage protectors has provided reliable and effective technical means for preventing various accidents, cutting off the power supply in time, and protecting equipment and personal safety.
5. What is the main reason for the electric shock accident?
Statistics show that the main reasons for electric shock accidents are as follows:
(1) Lack of electrical safety knowledge, fly a kite near the high-voltage line, climb the high-voltage electric pole to dig out the bird's nest; after the low-voltage overhead line is disconnected, pick up the live wire by hand without power failure; touch the live body with the hand in the dark night; touch the damaged with your hand Knife gate with plastic cover.
(๒) ฝ่าฝืนข้อบังคับการปฏิบัติงาน การต่อสายไฟ หรืออุปกรณ์ไฟฟ้าที่มีไฟฟ้าโดยไม่มีมาตรการด้านความปลอดภัยที่จำเป็น สัมผัสอุปกรณ์หรือสายไฟที่เสียหาย ขึ้นเครื่องผิดพลาด; เชื่อมต่ออุปกรณ์แสงสว่างกับไฟฟ้า ซ่อมเครื่องมือไฟฟ้าด้วยไฟฟ้า การเคลื่อนย้ายอุปกรณ์ไฟฟ้าด้วยไฟฟ้า ใช้บิดหลอดไฟ ฯลฯ ด้วยมือที่เปียก
(3) The equipment is unqualified and the safety distance is not enough; the grounding resistance of the two-wire one-ground system is too large; the grounding wire is unqualified or the grounding wire is disconnected; the insulation damage wire is exposed, etc.
(4) อุปกรณ์ไม่ได้ซ่อมแซม เส้นขาดจากลมแรง หรือเสาไม่ได้รับการซ่อมแซมทันเวลา เบคาไลต์ของสวิตช์มีดฝาครอบยางไม่เปลี่ยนแปลงตามเวลา สายมอเตอร์เสียหายซึ่งทำให้เปลือกมีอายุการใช้งานยาวนาน ขวดพอร์ซเลนเสียหาย ทำให้สายเฟสและลวดดึงสั้น-วงจร เปลือกอุปกรณ์ใช้งานได้จริง
(5) For other accidental reasons, walking at night touched a live wire that fell on the ground.
6. What kind of first aid measures should be taken in the event of an electric shock?
In the event of an electric shock, while ensuring the safety of the rescuer, we must first try to get the electric shocked out of the power supply quickly, and then perform the following emergency repair work.
(1) Untie tight clothing that hinders the person's breathing.
(2) Check the oral cavity of the person who has been shocked, clean up the mucus in the oral cavity, and remove the dentures if they are present.
(3) Rescue on the spot immediately. If breathing stops, use mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. If the heart stops beating or tremble irregularly, perform artificial chest compression. It must not be interrupted for no reason.
If there is a second person besides the rescuer at the scene, the following work should be done immediately:
1) Provide first aid tools and equipment.
2) Dissuade the on-site miscellaneous personnel.
3) Keep adequate lighting on site and maintain air circulation.
4) Report to the leader and ask a doctor to come for rescue.
การวิจัยเชิงทดลองและสถิติแสดงให้เห็นว่าหากการช่วยเหลือเริ่มต้น 1 นาทีหลังจากเกิดไฟฟ้าช็อต จะสามารถช่วยชีวิตได้ 90 เปอร์เซ็นต์ ถ้าการช่วยเหลือเริ่มขึ้นหลังจากไฟฟ้าช็อต 6 นาที มีโอกาสรอดเพียง 10 เปอร์เซ็นต์ และการกู้ภัยจะเริ่มขึ้น 12 นาทีหลังจากเกิดไฟฟ้าช็อต โอกาสในการช่วยชีวิตมีน้อยมาก ดังนั้นเมื่อมีคนถูกไฟฟ้าช็อต คุณควรแข่งกับเวลาและใช้วิธีการที่เป็นไปได้ทั้งหมด
7. What are the measures for the safe use of electricity for the display screen?
With the popularization of LED display applications, it is very important to correctly grasp the knowledge of safe electricity usage and ensure the safety of electricity usage.
(1) Do not buy fake and inferior products of "Three Nothing".
(2) When using electricity, there should be a complete and reliable power cord plug. Grounding protection shall be adopted for the electrical equipment in the metal shell.
(3) Switches and fuses cannot be installed on the ground and neutral wires. It is forbidden to connect the grounding wire to the tap water or gas pipeline.
(4) Do not touch the live equipment with wet hands, and do not wipe the live equipment with a damp cloth.
(5) Do not pull wires indiscriminately, and do not move live equipment randomly.
(6) When inspecting and repairing the electrical appliances on the display, you must disconnect the power first.
(7) When the power cord of the electrical appliance is damaged, replace it immediately or wrap it with insulating cloth.
(8) When a fire occurs in an electrical appliance or wire, disconnect the power source before putting out the fire.
8. How to prevent the electrical equipment on the display from burning?
The rated voltage of the commonly used LED display switching power supply line is 220 volts, and the normal power supply voltage is about 220 volts. In the power supply line, if the power supply voltage rises instantaneously due to natural disasters such as lightning strikes, the three-phase load is unbalanced and the household line is out of repair for a long time, the zero line is broken, or the phase voltage rises due to man-made wrong wiring, etc., the voltage rises , It will increase the current and cause the panel power supply to burn out due to overheating. To prevent burning of the power supply and other electrical appliances, it is necessary to start with the following aspects: First, disconnect the power supply as much as possible when the electrical equipment is not in use; Second, transform the old and out of repair wiring; Third, install a leakage switch with overvoltage protection.
9. What are the basic requirements of a leakage protector?
shall meet the following requirements technically:
(1) The sensitivity of electric shock protection should be correct and reasonable, and the general starting current should be within the range of 1530 mA.
(2) Generally, the action time of electric shock protection should not exceed 0.1 second.
(3) The protector should be equipped with necessary monitoring equipment to prevent loss of protection when the operating state changes. For voltage-type electric shock protectors, a neutral grounding device should be installed.
10. How to prevent electrical fire accidents? What to do after a fire?
First of all, when installing electrical equipment, the quality must be guaranteed and the requirements for safety and fire prevention must be met. Use qualified electrical equipment. Damaged switches, lamp caps, and damaged wires cannot be used. The connectors of the wires should be connected firmly according to the prescribed connection method and wrapped with insulating tape. Tighten the screws for the wiring of the wiring pile heads and terminals to prevent poor contact due to loose wiring. After the electrician installs the equipment, it does not mean that it can be done once and for all. During use, if the user finds that the lamp cap, socket wiring is loose (especially the mobile electrical plug wiring is easy to loose), the contact is poor or there is overheating, please find an electrician to deal with it in time .
Secondly, do not place oil, cotton, sawdust, wood and other easily stained objects near low-voltage lines, switches, sockets, and fuses.
Before electrical fires, there is a kind of precursor, which should be paid special attention to, that is, the wires will first scorch the insulating sheath due to overheating, giving off an unpleasant smell of burning rubber and burning plastic. Therefore, when you smell this odor, you should first think that it may be caused by electrical reasons. If you can't find other reasons, you should immediately switch off the power supply. Until the cause is identified and properly handled, the power supply can be switched on.
In the event of a fire, whether it is caused by electrical or not, first find a way to quickly cut off the power supply within the fire area. Because if the fire is caused by electricity, cutting off the power supply will also cut off the source of the fire; if the fire is not caused by electricity, it will also burn the insulation of the wires. If the power supply is not cut off, the burned wires will cause it. Touching the wire to short-circuit, causing a wider range of wires to catch fire. After an electrical fire occurs, cover soil, cover sand or fire extinguishers should be used, but foam fire extinguishers must never be used, so the fire extinguishing agent is conductive.
11, common sense of engineering safety electricity
(1). Each construction unit must have some necessary electrical appliances, such as electroscopes, screwdrivers, glue pliers, etc., and must have various specifications of fuses and fuses suitable for the right to use screen electrical appliances.
(2). Each display user must be equipped with a general fuse, a general knife switch and a leakage protection switch in front of the user.
(3). It is strictly forbidden to use copper and iron wires instead of fuses in any area. The size of the fuse must match the power consumption. When replacing the fuse, you must unplug the porcelain box cover to replace it. Do not directly connect the fuse in the porcelain box, and do not replace the fuse when it is live (without opening the switch).
(4) After the fuse is blown or the leakage switch is activated, the reason must be found out before the switching power supply can be switched on again. Under no circumstances shall a wire be used to short-circuit the fuse or press the leakage switch tripping mechanism to force the power supply.
(5). When purchasing screen electrical appliances, you should carefully check whether the technical parameters (such as frequency, voltage, etc.) in the product manual meet the local power requirements. It is necessary to know how much power is consumed and whether the user's existing power supply capacity meets the requirements, especially whether the wiring capacity, plugs, sockets, fuse sets, and electric meters meet the requirements.
(6) When the power distribution equipment for the screen cannot meet the overall electrical capacity requirements of the screen, it should be replaced and modified, and it is strictly forbidden to use it. Otherwise, overload operation will damage electrical equipment and may cause electrical fire.
(7). When buying screen electrical appliances, you should also understand its insulation performance: whether it is general insulation, reinforced insulation or double insulation. If it is grounding for leakage protection, the grounding wire is indispensable. Even for electrical equipment with reinforced insulation or double insulation, protective grounding or protective zeroing is also beneficial.
(8). Panel electrical appliances with motors (such as exhaust fans, air conditioners, etc.) should also understand the heat resistance level and whether they run continuously for a long time. Pay attention to the heat dissipation conditions of electrical appliances.
(9) ก่อนการติดตั้งเครื่องใช้ไฟฟ้าสำหรับหน้าจอ คุณควรตรวจสอบข้อกำหนดเกี่ยวกับสภาพแวดล้อมในการติดตั้งในคู่มือผลิตภัณฑ์ และให้ความสนใจเป็นพิเศษที่จะไม่ติดตั้งเครื่องใช้ไฟฟ้าสำหรับหน้าจอภายใต้ความชื้น ความร้อน ฝุ่นละออง หรือสารไวไฟ ระเบิด หรือกัดกร่อน ก๊าซภายใต้สภาวะที่เป็นไปได้ สิ่งแวดล้อม.
(10). When wiring in the screen, the phase line and the neutral line should be clearly marked and consistent with the electrical equipment wiring of the screen, and they should not be connected to each other incorrectly.
(11). The screen electrical appliances must be connected to the power supply with an openable switch or plug connector. It is forbidden to insert the wire directly into the socket hole.
(12). All screen electrical appliances that require protective grounding or security zero connection should use three-pin plugs and three-eye sockets. Two-pin plugs and two-eye sockets should not be used instead, resulting in a neutral ground (or zero) line.
(13). It is better that there is no connector in the middle of the display wiring. If there must be a connector, the contact should be firm and wrapped with insulating tape, or a porcelain junction box. It is forbidden to use medical tape instead of electrical tape to wrap the joints.
(14). The connection between the wire and the switch, the knife switch, the fuse box, the lamp holder, etc. should be firm and reliable, and the contact should be good. The multi-rubber soft copper wire connector should be twisted and then placed under the connector screw gasket to prevent the thin strands from spreading out and hitting the other connector and causing a short circuit.
(15). The wiring of the display screen project shall not be directly laid on flammable building materials. If wiring on wood materials, porcelain beads or porcelain clamps must be used; porcelain bushings must be used for crossing wooden boards. Do not use flammable plastics and other flammable materials as decorative materials.
(16). Although the grounding or neutral wire is not energized when it is normal, if there is a leakage after the wire is disconnected, the enclosure of the electrical appliance will be charged; if there is a short circuit, the grounding wire will also pass a large current. For its safety, the specification of the grounding (null connection) wire should not be smaller than the phase wire, and no switch or fuse should be installed on it, and no joints should be installed.
(17). ต้องไม่ต่อสายดินกับท่อประปา (เนื่องจากข้อต่อท่อน้ำประปาถูกเสียบด้วยเทปฉนวนซึ่งไม่มีผลต่อสายดิน) ต้องไม่เชื่อมต่อกับท่อแก๊ส (เพื่อป้องกันการระเบิดของแก๊สที่เกิดจากประกายไฟ) อย่าเชื่อมต่อบนสายดินของสายโทรศัพท์ (เพื่อป้องกันไม่ให้กระแสไฟแรงหลุดจากกระแสไฟอ่อน); จะต้องไม่ต่อกับตัวนำลงของสายป้องกันฟ้าผ่าด้วย (เพื่อป้องกันการโต้กลับในกรณีที่เกิดฟ้าผ่า)
(18), all switches, switches, and fuse boxes must have covers. The bakelite cover must be replaced if it is aging or incomplete. Those who are dirty and damp must be wiped clean after power off before they can be used.
(19). Do not drag the power cord on the ground to prevent the power cord from tripping people and prevent damage to the insulation.
(20). Before trial use of screen electrical appliances, please refer to the manual, put all switches and buttons in the original stop position, and then operate according to the start-stop operation sequence required by the manual. If there are moving parts, sufficient space for movement should be considered in advance.
(21). After the display is powered on, if any abnormal conditions such as sparks, smoke or burning smell are found, the machine should be shut down immediately and the power supply should be cut off for inspection.
(22). When moving the display electrical appliances, be sure to cut off the power to prevent electric shock.
(23), the heating appliances must be kept away from flammable materials. Heating appliances (such as power supplies) should not be placed directly on the wooden board to avoid fire.
(24). It is forbidden to touch the live switch with wet hands; it is forbidden to unplug or plug in the power plug with wet hands; when unplugging or plugging in the power plug, fingers shall not touch the metal parts of the contacts; nor to replace electrical components or bulbs with wet hands.
(25). For electrical appliances that are often used by hand (such as hair dryers, electric soldering irons, etc.), do not use the wires around your hands.
(26). For electrical appliances that touch the human body, such as electric soldering irons, they should be energized to test and check before use, and contact the human body only after there is no leakage.
(27). It is forbidden to use the method of dragging the wire to move the power; it is forbidden to use the method of dragging the wire to pull the plug.
(28). เมื่อใช้เครื่องใช้ไฟฟ้าสำหรับหน้าจอ ขั้นแรกให้เสียบปลั๊กไฟที่-ด้านที่ไม่มีไฟฟ้า และสุดท้ายปิดสวิตช์หรือเสียบปลั๊กไฟที่ด้านที่มีไฟฟ้า หากคุณปิดเครื่องใช้ไฟฟ้าบนหน้าจอ สิ่งที่ตรงกันข้ามก็คือ ให้ดึงสวิตช์ที่ด้านที่มีไฟฟ้าอยู่ก่อนหรือถอดปลั๊กออก ซ็อกเก็ตด้านที่มีไฟฟ้าอยู่ จากนั้นจึงถอดปลั๊กที่ด้านที่ไม่ใช่-ที่มีไฟฟ้า ต้องถอดปลั๊ก)
(29). When the power wire needs to be cut off in an emergency, insulated electrician's pliers or a knife with an insulated handle must be used.
(30). When rescuing an electric shocked person, first disconnect
